Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies

en · official · sha256:a82100bdc207863b2bf1502db992457e56a9d12d627ceda08b6f4911c5348812

Article I The exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, shall be carried out for the benefit and in the interests of all countries, irrespective of their degree of economic or scientific development, and shall be the province of all mankind. Outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, shall be free for exploration and use by all States without discrimination of any kind, on a basis of equality and in accordance with international law, and there shall be free access to all areas of celestial bodies. There shall be freedom of scientific investigation in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, and States shall facilitate and encourage international co-operation in such investigation.

Ссылаются нормы: ExplorationAndUseFreedom, FacilitateInternationalCooperationInInvestigation, FreedomOfExplorationAndUse, FreedomOfScientificInvestigation, InternationalCooperationInInvestigation, ScientificInvestigationFreedom, assert-1

en · official · sha256:029f68a20fe1ebef87a178c8be9a89b04f874ecd7bd474b66b0055af8662197d

Article X In order to promote international co-operation in the exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, in conformity with the purposes of this Treaty, the States Parties to the Treaty shall consider on a basis of equality any requests by other States Parties to the Treaty to be afforded an opportunity to observe the flight of space objects launched by those States. The nature of such an opportunity for observation and the conditions under which it could be afforded shall be determined by agreement between the States concerned.

Ссылаются нормы: ConsiderObservationRequestOnBasisOfEquality, ObservationRequestConsiderationDuty

en · official · sha256:7753ad303ca13d5d55af8e32161997655d9e2079964f740880d7c32f2aa492c2

Article XI In order to promote international co-operation in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space, States Parties to the Treaty conducting activities in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, agree to inform the Secretary-General of the United Nations as well as the public and the international scientific community, to the greatest extent feasible and practicable, of the nature, conduct, locations and results of such activities. On receiving the said information, the Secretary-General of the United Nations should be prepared to disseminate it immediately and effectively.

Ссылаются нормы: ActivityInformationDuty, InformOfActivitiesInSpace

en · official · sha256:5d3f9875995d61d41aa9a1e9ed1770a3cb0723990be4cbde6f0e20e28282a3b5

Article XII All stations, installations, equipment and space vehicles on the moon and other celestial bodies shall be open to representatives of other States Parties to the Treaty on a basis of reciprocity. Such representatives shall give reasonable advance notice of a projected visit, in order that appropriate consultations may be held and that maximum precautions may be taken to assure safety and to avoid interference with normal operations in the facility to be visited.

Ссылаются нормы: AdvanceNoticeDuty, FacilityAccessDuty, GiveAdvanceNoticeOfVisit, OpenFacilitiesToOtherPartiesRepresentatives

en · official · sha256:75b42c22c5da09945b5b97e7ddc1aa6265221f785c36d4a69fdbbfb5cf07390e

Article XIII The provisions of this Treaty shall apply to the activities of States Parties to the Treaty in the exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, whether such activities are carried on by a single State Party to the Treaty or jointly with other States, including cases where they are carried on within the framework of international intergovernmental organizations. Any practical questions arising in connection with activities carried on by international intergovernmental organizations in the exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, shall be resolved by the States Parties to the Treaty either with the appropriate international organization or with one or more States members of that international organization, which are Parties to this Treaty.

Ссылаются нормы: PracticalQuestionResolutionDuty, ResolvePracticalQuestionsWithOrganizationOrMembers

en · official · sha256:1024ee483360da7028ca4ab115787aa3a73d05cb1fbc756e307fdade66aa2ad3

Article XIV 1. This Treaty shall be open to all States for signature. Any State which does not sign this Treaty before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article may accede to it at anytime.

Ссылаются нормы: AccessionPower, GrantAccessionPower, NotSignedBeforeIsAccessionEligible

en · official · sha256:7a65f37e73300ffd501b942fac1af36c6df00063ee95bd9ceffdd3824affbd3f

2. This Treaty shall be subject to ratification by signatory States. Instruments of ratification and instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Governments of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America, which are hereby designated the Depositary Governments.

Ссылаются нормы: assert-6, assert-7, assert-8

en · official · sha256:33cc8327ae2f59fe345a839876c49da8ce8968475fbfd6e3a97824aaecf1a5ad

3. This Treaty shall enter into force upon the deposit of instruments of ratification by five Governments including the Governments designated as Depositary Governments under this Treaty.

Ссылаются нормы: FoundingRatifierBoundFromGeneralEntryIntoForce, TreatyEntersIntoForceGenerally

en · official · sha256:f9977a7a8aee187679f60db0eb0954807f3c8c4cf6b29d1b77fd2152955e9eb8

4. For States whose instruments of ratification or accession are deposited subsequent to the entry into force of this Treaty, it shall enter into force on the date of the deposit of their instruments of ratification or accession.

Ссылаются нормы: LaterAdherentBoundFromOwnDepositDate

en · official · sha256:3658017f6254e7e77b730297b81cb66784b854aed491a91592ade85137ee6141

5. The Depositary Governments shall promptly inform all signatory and acceding States of the date of each signature, the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification of and accession to this Treaty, the date of its entry into force and other notices.

Ссылаются нормы: DepositaryNotificationDuty, DepositaryPromptlyInformsOfEvents

en · official · sha256:0e07d282c5d7d1434afb0eed851e1f710cb3fac2a61ef70a0e211933da8d9ac9

6. This Treaty shall be registered by the Depositary Governments pursuant to Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

en · official · sha256:4acea359b5b8d4dc88b374aff9cd904be38e2e99997437c48d2dc92c7af60298

Article XV Any State Party to the Treaty may propose amendments to this Treaty. Amendments shall enter into force for each State Party to the Treaty accepting the amendments upon their acceptance by a majority of the States Parties to the Treaty and thereafter for each remaining State Party to the Treaty on the date of acceptance by it.

Ссылаются нормы: AmendmentBindsAcceptingStateOnceMajorityAccepts, AmendmentProposalPower, ProposeAmendment

en · official · sha256:db68f99239e003acb588274e369305b75b1d9b53d1fffc2570857921cf872e08

Article XVI Any State Party to the Treaty may give notice of its withdrawal from the Treaty one year after its entry into force by written notification to the Depositary Governments. Such withdrawal shall take effect one year from the date of receipt of this notification.

Ссылаются нормы: EligibleToWithdrawOneYearAfterOwnEntryIntoForce, GrantWithdrawalPower, WithdrawalEffectiveOneYearFromNotice, WithdrawalPower

en · official · sha256:8b88b6eccbae2bf55073a59b515a4de843b1c282de28628c7d8d0125e146bdcc

Article XVII This Treaty, of which the English, Russian, French, Spanish and Chinese texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited in the archives of the Depositary Governments. Duly certified copies of this Treaty shall be transmitted by the Depositary Governments to the Governments of the signatory and acceding States.

Ссылаются нормы: CertifiedCopyTransmissionDuty, DepositaryTransmitsCertifiedCopies

en · official · sha256:689fdb0f9fe2f7c58c2bdb16dbe7d7a084512a6ca99baec6103652c0a4f9839d

Article II Outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or occupation, or by any other means.

Ссылаются нормы: assert-2

en · official · sha256:34d377c72f645a4450de5c2925cf858155a4e71de314e50db6fb04d7e0cc12e0

Article III States Parties to the Treaty shall carry on activities in the exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, in accordance with international law, including the Charter of the United Nations, in the interest of maintaining international peace and security and promoting international co-operation and understanding.

Ссылаются нормы: ActInAccordanceWithInternationalLaw, InternationalLawCompliance

en · official · sha256:571470421bf5f03831d026a4dbc951541d56757f1e14018c24c1c2e23b8adbe2

Article IV States Parties to the Treaty undertake not to place in orbit around the earth any objects carrying nuclear weapons or any other kinds of weapons of mass destruction, install such weapons on celestial bodies, or station such weapons in outer space in any other manner. The moon and other celestial bodies shall be used by all States Parties to the Treaty exclusively for peaceful purposes. The establishment of military bases, installations and fortifications, the testing of any type of weapons and the conduct of military manoeuvres on celestial bodies shall be forbidden. The use of military personnel for scientific research or for any other peaceful purposes shall not be prohibited. The use of any equipment or facility necessary for peaceful exploration of the moon and other celestial bodies shall also not be prohibited.

Ссылаются нормы: EquipmentForPeacefulExplorationImmunity, EquipmentForPeacefulExplorationPermitted, ExclusivelyPeacefulUseOfCelestialBodies, ForbiddenKindActivityIsForbidden, InstallingOnCelestialBodyIsWmdInSpace, MilitaryActivityForbearance, MilitaryPersonnelForPeacefulPurposesPermitted, MilitaryPersonnelPeacefulPurposesImmunity, NoMilitaryActivityOnCelestialBodies, NoWeaponsOfMassDestructionInSpace, PeacefulUseOfCelestialBodies, PlacingInOrbitIsWmdInSpace, StationingInSpaceIsWmdInSpace, WeaponsOfMassDestructionForbearance, assert-3, assert-4, assert-5

en · official · sha256:271f05d8934c5153c490683341241a351be2b4cdd96a1264e07374da4ec150fe

Article V States Parties to the Treaty shall regard astronauts as envoys of mankind in outer space and shall render to them all possible assistance in the event of accident, distress, or emergency landing on the territory of another State Party or on the high seas. When astronauts make such a landing, they shall be safely and promptly returned to the State of registry of their space vehicle. In carrying on activities in outer space and on celestial bodies, the astronauts of one State Party shall render all possible assistance to the astronauts of other States Parties. States Parties to the Treaty shall immediately inform the other States Parties to the Treaty or the Secretary-General of the United Nations of any phenomena they discover in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, which could constitute a danger to the life or health of astronauts.

Ссылаются нормы: AssistingStateOnHighSeasOwesAssistance, AstronautAssistanceDuty, HazardNotificationDuty, InformOfHazardousPhenomena, MutualAssistanceInSpaceDuty, RenderAssistanceToAstronautsInDistress, RenderAssistanceToAstronautsOfOtherPartiesInSpace, ReturnAstronautDuty, ReturnAstronautToStateOfRegistry, TerritorialHostOwesAssistance

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Article VI States Parties to the Treaty shall bear international responsibility for national activities in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, whether such activities are carried on by governmental agencies or by non-governmental entities, and for assuring that national activities are carried out in conformity with the provisions set forth in the present Treaty. The activities of non-governmental entities in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, shall require authorization and continuing supervision by the appropriate State Party to the Treaty. When activities are carried on in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, by an international organization, responsibility for compliance with this Treaty shall be borne both by the international organization and by the States Parties to the Treaty participating in such organization.

Ссылаются нормы: AssureConformityOfNationalActivities, AuthorizeAndSuperviseNonGovernmentalActivity, MemberComplianceResponsibilityDuty, MemberStateBearsResponsibilityForOrganizationCompliance, NationalActivitiesConformityDuty, NonGovernmentalActivityAuthorizationDuty, OrganizationBearsResponsibilityForCompliance, OrganizationComplianceResponsibilityDuty

en · official · sha256:79a90609af5f6846fd8a86d0ce40d7339703fe1e01ba9e186e46b261e56d4c0b

Article VII Each State Party to the Treaty that launches or procures the launching of an object into outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, and each State Party from whose territory or facility an object is launched, is internationally liable for damage to another State Party to the Treaty or to its natural or juridical persons by such object or its component parts on the Earth, in air or in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies.

Ссылаются нормы: DamageLiabilityDuty, InternationallyLiableForDamage, LauncherIsResponsibleLaunchingState, ProcurerIsResponsibleLaunchingState, TerritoryOrFacilityStateIsResponsibleLaunchingState

en · official · sha256:65577643d3177836041faa02785d4cb1b142427158c2f1f66cb8da5c5c1e2f1a

Article VIII A State Party to the Treaty on whose registry an object launched into outer space is carried shall retain jurisdiction and control over such object, and over any personnel thereof, while in outer space or on a celestial body. Ownership of objects launched into outer space, including objects landed or constructed on a celestial body, and of their component parts, is not affected by their presence in outer space or on a celestial body or by their return to the Earth. Such objects or component parts found beyond the limits of the State Party to the Treaty on whose registry they are carried shall be returned to that State Party, which shall, upon request, furnish identifying data prior to their return.

Ссылаются нормы: FurnishIdentifyingDataDuty, FurnishIdentifyingDataUponRequest, OwnershipLocationImmunity, OwnershipUnaffectedByLocationOrReturn, RetainsJurisdictionAndControl, ReturnObjectDuty, ReturnObjectFoundBeyondLimits

en · official · sha256:4a387ea1c72a1db8e06bda687fb40c1d851f751abba04056c6989eb4eacd201a

Article IX In the exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, States Parties to the Treaty shall be guided by the principle of co-operation and mutual assistance and shall conduct all their activities in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, with due regard to the corresponding interests of all other States Parties to the Treaty. States Parties to the Treaty shall pursue studies of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, and conduct exploration of them so as to avoid their harmful contamination and also adverse changes in the environment of the Earth resulting from the introduction of extraterrestrial matter and, where necessary, shall adopt appropriate measures for this purpose. If a State Party to the Treaty has reason to believe that an activity or experiment planned by it or its nationals in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, would cause potentially harmful interference with activities of other States Parties in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, it shall undertake appropriate international consultations before proceeding with any such activity or experiment. A State Party to the Treaty which has reason to believe that an activity or experiment planned by another State Party in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, would cause potentially harmful interference with activities in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, may request consultation concerning the activity or experiment.

Ссылаются нормы: ActWithDueRegardToOtherPartiesInterests, AvoidHarmfulContamination, ContaminationAvoidanceDuty, DueRegardDuty, PriorConsultationDuty, RequestConsultationConcerningActivity, RequestConsultationPower, UndertakeConsultationsBeforeProceeding

en · official · sha256:b8ab51f47edc78c66926d26b75cef8d37df9f532fd9e532f673945413bf48351

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, duly authorized, have signed this Treaty. DONE in triplicate, at the cities of London, Moscow and Washington, the twenty-seventh day of January, one thousand nine hundred and sixty-seven.

en · official · sha256:e488d3a3a81d538068c5c70c1e8fff7e0da8c0ceffc46f278a4de70edb14169f

The States Parties to this Treaty, Inspired by the great prospects opening up before mankind as a result of man's entry into outer space, Recognizing the common interest of all mankind in the progress of the exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes, Believing that the exploration and use of outer space should be carried on for the benefit of all peoples irrespective of the degree of their economic or scientific development, Desiring to contribute to broad international co-operation in the scientific as well as the legal aspects of the exploration and use of outer space for peaceful purposes, Believing that such co-operation will contribute to the development of mutual understanding and to the strengthening of friendly relations between States and peoples, Recalling resolution 1962 (XVIII), entitled "Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space",which was adopted unanimously by the United Nations General Assembly on 13 December 1963, Recalling resolution 1884 (XVIII), calling upon States to refrain from placing in orbit around the earth any objects carrying nuclear weapons or any other kinds of weapons of mass destruction or from installing such weapons on celestial bodies, which was adopted unanimously by the United Nations General Assembly on 17 October 1963, Taking account of United Nations General Assembly resolution 110 (II) of 3 November 1947, which condemned propaganda designed or likely to provoke or encourage any threat to the peace, breach of the peace or act of aggression, and considering that the aforementioned resolution is applicable to outer space, Convinced that a Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, will further the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, Have agreed on the following: