Источник / закреплённая редакция
قانون المعاملات المدنية
Источник пакета ae.corpus.civil_transactions.application
- work
- urn:ae:corpus:clir:civil-transactions-application#CTL
- вид
- urn:ae:corpus:clir:civil-transactions-application#law
طبقة التطبيق المواد 1–3 و31–71
- edition
- urn:ae:corpus:clir:civil-transactions-application#CTL_AR
- язык
- ar
- официальность
- official
- материализация
- PINNED_UNOFFICIAL_COPY
- жизненный цикл
- in_force: [object Object]
Публикации
| URI | Тип | documentHash | Получено |
|---|---|---|---|
| https://uaelegislation.gov.ae/ar/legislations/4011 | text/plain; charset=utf-8 | sha256:7a2911facaa802d3f0a114f75b3096a1c103fafa23185f1577bfd4c40b824167 | 2026-09-21T08:39:23Z |
Фрагменты — 60
article/1 · article
ar · official · sha256:036f6fa9e9278a0d043ddc0eda21c97dc7530958e06adaff6c0e9e140b24e81eAR
المادة (1)
1. تسري النصوص التشريعية على جميع المسائل التي تتناولها هذه النصوص في لفظها وفحواها،
ولا مساغ للاجتهاد في مورد النص القطعي الدلالة.
2. إذا لم تجد المحكمة نصًا في التشريعات السارية حكمت بمقتضى الشريعة الإسلامية، على أن تختار أنسب الحلول حسبما تقتضيه المصلحة.
3. إذا لم تجد المحكمة في الشريعة الإسلامية حكمًا في المسألة المعروضة عليها حكمت بمقتضى العرف،
على ألا يكون متعارضًا مع النظام العام أو الآداب العامة، وإذا كان العرف خاصًّا بإمارة معينة فيسري حكمه على هذه الإمارة.
4. إذا لم تجد المحكمة في العرف حكمًا في المسألة المعروضة عليها حكمت بمقتضى مبادئ القانون الطبيعي وقواعد العدالة.
article/1/paragraph/1 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:42122b563ca667042bbc112c875663faccbcdc2a1bc8cf94f78be04567f66ad7AR
1. تسري النصوص التشريعية على جميع المسائل التي تتناولها هذه النصوص في لفظها وفحواها،
ولا مساغ للاجتهاد في مورد النص القطعي الدلالة.article/1/paragraph/2 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:72edd513c8f32dc603f19ab971c07a4bb140d51fa63d5dc180d25800cb30d579AR
2. إذا لم تجد المحكمة نصًا في التشريعات السارية حكمت بمقتضى الشريعة الإسلامية، على أن تختار أنسب الحلول حسبما تقتضيه المصلحة.article/1/paragraph/3 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:7b7e3b8d97142df54ac319acbbce592a44c28f415bd7a0853158ec941955c2bfAR
3. إذا لم تجد المحكمة في الشريعة الإسلامية حكمًا في المسألة المعروضة عليها حكمت بمقتضى العرف،
على ألا يكون متعارضًا مع النظام العام أو الآداب العامة، وإذا كان العرف خاصًّا بإمارة معينة فيسري حكمه على هذه الإمارة.article/1/paragraph/4 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:3cde3240587598090d43d44e553b137b6471c0c479a7d7b928d8ad2f0a802603AR
4. إذا لم تجد المحكمة في العرف حكمًا في المسألة المعروضة عليها حكمت بمقتضى مبادئ القانون الطبيعي وقواعد العدالة.article/2 · article
ar · official · sha256:823519e516594b59b1b93a9e6a85d3fb46f2aaf5d851f8f4b2072e6580477ac8AR
المادة (2)
يُرجَعُ في فهم النص التشريعي وتفسيره وتأويله إلى قواعد وأصول الفقه الإسلامي.
article/31 · article
ar · official · sha256:c2ee0685da6e930f77021f4d735bdbf3feaf181dbaf43be984dc603365a40911AR
المادة (31)
الجهل بالأحكام القانونية ليس عذرًا.
article/32 · article
ar · official · sha256:d1d80339cccaa0456fbef9a7042c30df3190cb64edc774e0336b761a66379dc5AR
المادة (32)
الاستثناء لا يُقاس عليه ولا يتوسع في تفسيره.
article/33 · article
ar · official · sha256:8869d9e7cdcf8e352267a88789c833f20eb73df8851f16105cf2bcc7019132c9AR
المادة (33)
النص الخاص يُقيد النص العام.
article/34 · article
ar · official · sha256:267d987e619d205c1ae4e123bc724f8e8fe6b74bda145a4d050c990d613e311fAR
المادة (34)
ما ثبت بنص آمر يقدم على ما وجب بالشرط.
article/35 · article
ar · official · sha256:18c4fbd5b31ab4c2b14712720b0d451c7717f1f807e062d5ca5c82e482b9e384AR
المادة (35)
ما لا يتم الواجب إلا به فهو واجب.
article/36 · article
ar · official · sha256:37269ac985e38016dca7048149218ecf06e9aba84a952262f3f3772188fde23aAR
المادة (36)
الحكم يدور مع علّته وجودًا وعدمًا.
article/37 · article
ar · official · sha256:3b2825f7186df6eba7a94f3ed00a72398ceb4bd1d41b575abae292201e770ba4AR
المادة (37)
المثليات لا تهلك.
article/38 · article
ar · official · sha256:c1911fcf653820134968302598cab6d87a0d1d8246f6ba7c33e0af3164fea57fAR
المادة (38)
اليقين لا يزول بالشك.
article/39 · article · на него ссылаются: 3
ar · official · sha256:9b463e24c62e44b08f14debc45a82e3657458de326c23964f9930786a63e3f0fAR
المادة (39)
الأصل بقاء ما كان على ما كان.
Ссылаются нормы: ClaimStateContinues/R1, ClaimStateContinues/R2, ClaimStateContinues/priority
article/3 · article
ar · official · sha256:225a5b03ca9af46c1e6b8b18679172c1c9a702d567c504f8faa64d2d5f23d76dAR
المادة (3)
يُعتبر من النظام العام:
1. الأحكام القطعية للشريعة الإسلامية.
2. الأحكام المتعلقة بنظم الحكم.
3. الأحكام المتعلقة بالأحوال الشخصية للمسلمين كالزواج والميراث والنسب.
4. القواعد القانونية الآمرة التي لا يجوز الاتفاق على مخالفتها والمنصوص عليها في القوانين الصادرة
في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة.
article/3/paragraph/2 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:6c828062a46610f00b7196cc16bb7ec5a2eb0ad248ac0ea2e98015ce0249138bAR
1. الأحكام القطعية للشريعة الإسلامية.article/3/paragraph/3 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:7b675d10defbb486ec779fa1765d447e872e4518c416510168ad082389a5e955AR
2. الأحكام المتعلقة بنظم الحكم.article/3/paragraph/4 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:f6ba86551021ea83acb30ebe81e1d60c27355c38f2726b687aab23287bb1415aAR
3. الأحكام المتعلقة بالأحوال الشخصية للمسلمين كالزواج والميراث والنسب.article/3/paragraph/5 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:75651f93863d16bcbf57bb4155fb3ca1b5657983cbcd799ced7f94efdd9b32c1AR
4. القواعد القانونية الآمرة التي لا يجوز الاتفاق على مخالفتها والمنصوص عليها في القوانين الصادرة
في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة.article/40 · article · на него ссылаются: 4
ar · official · sha256:76466fea41be3c109e3a40fb2eb7dfde19a861124280bbdc730fb37255c75382AR
المادة (40)
الأصل براءة الذمة.
Ссылаются нормы: FreedomFromObligation/R1, FreedomFromObligation/R2, FreedomFromObligation/priority, ObligationGroundEstablishedForClaim
article/41 · article
ar · official · sha256:952d28d406331ec9a7f55af912c5ec47cc35baa4f618b5206b0eddbc16e011c1AR
المادة (41)
الأصل في الصفات العارضة العدم.
article/42 · article · на него ссылаются: 1
ar · official · sha256:a0fc4ea7629e71e6890ebcbfaedcde68ed4b17c543e0e254531163a7156c652aAR
المادة (42)
ما ثبت بزمان يحكم ببقائه، ما لم يوجد دليل على خلافه.
Ссылаются нормы: ProvenAtTimeIsEstablished
article/43 · article · на него ссылаются: 4
ar · official · sha256:1a1495ffa6d81f41533da29588baf1db234bffa284e1cd7a5980abf4cb0cef85AR
المادة (43)
الأصل إضافة الحادث إلى أقرب أوقاته.
Ссылаются нормы: EventAttributedToNearestTime/R1, EventAttributedToNearestTime/R2, EventAttributedToNearestTime/priority, EventAttributedToProvenTime
article/44 · article
ar · official · sha256:a871df1a37c7ea198b6a39c7d3139c68f0435a5f67343c40242658f12ed1307bAR
المادة (44)
ما ثبت على خلاف القياس فغيره لا يقاس عليه.
article/45 · article · на него ссылаются: 2
ar · official · sha256:8aa69b81c2f64b65d9e2d174400741f6294381e5ca6d05de9e214640bea891a4AR
المادة (45)
1. لا ضرر ولا ضرار.
2. الضرر يزال.
3. الضرر لا يزال بمثله.
Ссылаются нормы: harm_must_be_removed_ruling, harm_must_be_removed_ruling/external
article/45/paragraph/1 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:d62473732e10ee0a634114429f463ce082daf455df59d65fc29b40966c78915dAR
1. لا ضرر ولا ضرار.article/45/paragraph/2 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:c1e7a54ebf49b64a31f85d08a339142ee15f9705087c2cd2d336e894b7a08757AR
2. الضرر يزال.article/45/paragraph/3 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:e79bfda52dcda361f44b0de55e2756bfb71dd1da4148aefdc99c15e07e120290AR
3. الضرر لا يزال بمثله.article/46 · article · на него ссылаются: 1
ar · official · sha256:f63233b5351f2468682b65bfa779b5cf57aaf4ed35d23605bc06f265c5a0aa41AR
المادة (46)
الجواز الشرعي يُنافي الضمان.
Ссылаются нормы: LawfulLicenseNegatesLiability
article/47 · article · на него ссылаются: 2
ar · official · sha256:6b3f38a1517ae7442370616b294d297d2e4e39da8545b46b952591c60516c1b7AR
المادة (47)
1. يتحمل الضرر الخاص لدفع الضرر العام.
2. الضرر الأشد يُزال بالضرر الأخف.
Ссылаются нормы: harm_balance_private_public_ruling, harm_balance_private_public_ruling/external
article/47/paragraph/1 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:54af4ac07334aafa87e8aa4d61618ab0a0a89ce5bbf6c6626dc20d6a9a54e573AR
1. يتحمل الضرر الخاص لدفع الضرر العام.article/47/paragraph/2 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:8ead298d6f3f25b8b898192353cf7a6f5b161f4d5ee6108456a62d0eb5f30235AR
2. الضرر الأشد يُزال بالضرر الأخف.article/48 · article · на него ссылаются: 2
ar · official · sha256:4939485cdc4cce8f603913647eccde8c924767dc08c33278101ac8a0c6dd809bAR
المادة (48)
الضرورات تبيح المحظورات والضرورة تُقدّر بقدرها.
Ссылаются нормы: necessity_proportionality_ruling, necessity_proportionality_ruling/external
article/49 · article · на него ссылаются: 1
ar · official · sha256:826551c314b865510e6d309fedf872cdb7a53bf41b9804d468684be7c5edb75bAR
المادة (49)
الاضطرار لا يبطل حق الغير.
Ссылаются нормы: NecessityPreservesRightOfOther
article/50 · article · на него ссылаются: 2
ar · official · sha256:3a386e13f0fcbed18e05144b10abc2b377e24b2e44a916845fea582c5a7b7dd3AR
المادة (50)
درء المفاسد أولى من جلب المنافع.
Ссылаются нормы: harm_prevention_priority_ruling, harm_prevention_priority_ruling/external
article/51 · article · на него ссылаются: 2
ar · official · sha256:b640a521ae1d78003b6e2c13b91fa71d9fb11b36c6bf73bf4f46037f09ca7807AR
المادة (51)
1. العادة محكّمة عامة كانت أو خاصة.
2. تُعد العادة إذا اطردت أو غلبت.
3. تترك الحقيقة بدلالة العادة.
Ссылаются нормы: CustomEstablishedWhenConsistent, CustomEstablishedWhenPrevalent
article/51/paragraph/1 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:66a79f08ba4f77c8a9821bc5368fd332c5fe30fe6339089672a8504a2afb34baAR
1. العادة محكّمة عامة كانت أو خاصة.article/51/paragraph/2 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:567c172f5a4c8f14f79efe4d4a9d9786a3bc2eef80d2cfe30a14d753e25e4015AR
2. تُعد العادة إذا اطردت أو غلبت.article/51/paragraph/3 · paragraph
ar · official · sha256:ad0d58db1094e0e6923b4ab663352cadd18808350be027b96ff8b383ac746979AR
3. تترك الحقيقة بدلالة العادة.article/52 · article
ar · official · sha256:0866f5747dbc9a8ef642c2f405997f0ff0d9e49eae1d6b88fe3b770b9e298097AR
المادة (52)
المعروف عرفًا كالمشروط شرطًا.
article/53 · article
ar · official · sha256:161251ebaffcce4e02761eea3d655912eff42a0f3d342c9f164fcc55a36c893dAR
المادة (53)
التعيين بالعرف كالتعيين بالنص.
article/54 · article
ar · official · sha256:e95b1a986422afad41a936fd5c7de7cae0512e22026f64eaf3723bf04c7eb62bAR
المادة (54)
استعمال الناس حجّة يجب العمل بها.
article/55 · article
ar · official · sha256:1274fc9a6cf4870d50f2690805a4b798b825600910880f1f6a7cfa29e6578da4AR
المادة (55)
الممتنع عادة كالممتنع حقيقة.
article/56 · article
ar · official · sha256:d14b0ff6184b9c49d473e7d23a2431495b0e871084b08e39ccb6df6c976ce0e5AR
المادة (56)
العبرة للغالب الشائع لا للنادر.
article/57 · article · на него ссылаются: 1
ar · official · sha256:7a36e2eba1f8c96c1cbf683cc60d9a0c8eae2edfe683f80d7af9fbd0170b6e68AR
المادة (57)
إذا تعارض المانع والمقتضى يقدم المانع.
Ссылаются нормы: ImpedimentPrevailsOverRequiringCause
article/58 · article
ar · official · sha256:feb8713af4cdcb8f60a5faa44dc6067037ab4091c92910127b50ccea215a5222AR
المادة (58)
التابع تابع ولا يفرد بالحكم.
article/59 · article
ar · official · sha256:9c391d9b719afd7241f9c95a6ecf6e58c00199c2066e5037c329913b9d3a1533AR
المادة (59)
إذا سقط الأصل سقط الفرع.
article/60 · article
ar · official · sha256:5d386ce4c894fcc8b6bb6e075b50a60acd1d372ae08a6f7edfb518b04b4b734aAR
المادة (60)
الساقط لا يعود، كما أن المعدوم لا يعود.
article/61 · article
ar · official · sha256:0a06f2647cec622fa686a8fc9cf8958fe80ba481b27980bc5e42865ed3090e73AR
المادة (61)
إذا بطل الشيء بطل ما في ضمنه.
article/62 · article
ar · official · sha256:bfa52a207874caa8bb20795b4040b873583e986a4cdaba7b3d036c9c285091c5AR
المادة (62)
إذا بطل الأصل يصار إلى البدل.
article/63 · article
ar · official · sha256:2fb8b32374303c1a74f494ae6fdcc7e1705952b1bd74dddb82a4ddfa00ea42f5AR
المادة (63)
لا عبرة للتوهم.
article/64 · article
ar · official · sha256:7abc8fac603ef45744934a30989a69c5097080946a3bae319e74f2147c0d0cb2AR
المادة (64)
لا عبرة بالظن البيّن خطؤه.
article/65 · article
ar · official · sha256:1be29a04eb388bac9123ab0eb7c01e51ffa20a77263d282304865a626097ac9dAR
المادة (65)
الثابت بالبرهان كالثابت بالعيان.
article/66 · article · на него ссылаются: 3
ar · official · sha256:47de5a91a7e42b1eaea474bd9be4f2a14549c1396455597bc76f652a54baa927AR
المادة (66)
المرءُ ملزم بإقراره.
Ссылаются нормы: BoundByOwnAdmission/R1, BoundByOwnAdmission/R2, BoundByOwnAdmission/priority
article/67 · article
ar · official · sha256:200d5c7c7c71669a3004544dbe7b1b1e3d1a88098808ed2145e4f99f66d7f155AR
المادة (67)
قد يثبت الفرع مع عدم ثبوت الأصل.
article/68 · article
ar · official · sha256:4116a79a3121150c8965834e1dccadf61229609b703c84c9c2f188df870c8507AR
المادة (68)
الظاهر يصلح حُجّة للدفع لا للاستحقاق.
article/69 · article
ar · official · sha256:8cdbb4d657f6971d7b80cccba56a7a3e1b60fe57db3467e560b2bb6f8e0cfd5eAR
المادة (69)
الغُرم بالغنم، والخراج بالضمان.
article/70 · article · на него ссылаются: 1
ar · official · sha256:005a62eafb29123482727bf2c955d191cc48e3727b515b8c2ac80c865357fb6dAR
المادة (70)
من استعجل الشيء قبل أوانه عُوقب بحرمانه.
Ссылаются нормы: ClaimBarredByPrematurity
article/71 · article · на него ссылаются: 1
ar · official · sha256:a211002e4cd3747b406bb5bceefaa80bf71aead199757f5b6d2126c3470e1e0aAR
المادة (71)
من سعى في نقض ما تم من جهته فسعيه مردود عليه.
Ссылаются нормы: OwnActCannotBeUndoneBySameParty
طبقة التطبيق المواد 1–3 و31–71
- edition
- urn:ae:corpus:clir:civil-transactions-application#CTL_EN
- язык
- en
- официальность
- translation
- материализация
- PINNED_UNOFFICIAL_COPY
- жизненный цикл
- in_force: [object Object]
Публикации
| URI | Тип | documentHash | Получено |
|---|---|---|---|
| https://uaelegislation.gov.ae/en/legislations/4011 | text/plain; charset=utf-8 | sha256:df12c4c2e2bbd3d0a39f3ac608193f46dd8deb7b0c089edad2c4e2e2fd34a26d | 2026-09-21T08:39:23Z |
Фрагменты — 60
article/1 · article
en · translation · sha256:cf870accd02f51cc4c8b9402df3a3f05ae0575642190ac101633e20534d4279aEN
Article (1)
1. The legislative provisions shall apply to all matters they address expressly or implicitly. No room shall be left for Ijtihad (independent legal reasoning) where the text is definitive in its indication.
2. Should the court find no provision in the applicable legislations, it shall rule in accordance with the Islamic Shari'ah, selecting the most appropriate solutions as required by the interest (Maslaha).
3. Should the court find no ruling in the Islamic Shari'ah for the matter before it, it shall rule in accordance with custom (Urf), provided it does not conflict with public order or public morals. If the custom is specific to a particular Emirate, its ruling shall apply to that Emirate.
4. Should the court find no ruling in custom for the matter before it, it shall rule in accordance with the principles of natural law and the rules of justice.
article/1/paragraph/1 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:ae505c257c064bf7ce3ea6900a7d70f331294929ef96d3984aab7d0bded31dd8EN
1. The legislative provisions shall apply to all matters they address expressly or implicitly. No room shall be left for Ijtihad (independent legal reasoning) where the text is definitive in its indication.article/1/paragraph/2 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:2bc0b7bb196fa5b267f51c0429b5ada004c8102e04f5117a15be22b16401f4beEN
2. Should the court find no provision in the applicable legislations, it shall rule in accordance with the Islamic Shari'ah, selecting the most appropriate solutions as required by the interest (Maslaha).article/1/paragraph/3 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:c406cb2b612593ba2fcc75ea6ec2895adddff639cc233f70fe73a9316255befeEN
3. Should the court find no ruling in the Islamic Shari'ah for the matter before it, it shall rule in accordance with custom (Urf), provided it does not conflict with public order or public morals. If the custom is specific to a particular Emirate, its ruling shall apply to that Emirate.article/1/paragraph/4 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:a786a33cc810d9bea0dabcb731167218d1e23141b9603c93c0b750734f437d2aEN
4. Should the court find no ruling in custom for the matter before it, it shall rule in accordance with the principles of natural law and the rules of justice.article/2 · article
en · translation · sha256:32f3a8d0cc5ad05c6e6cb4b396d639a5e82529dcf6b610bf33a025079034763dEN
Article (2)
Reference shall be made to the rules and principles of Islamic jurisprudence (Usul Al-Fiqh) for the understanding, interpretation, and construction of legislative texts.
article/31 · article
en · translation · sha256:c7ce84f7fb20d681a1a15f41bbd7f66e85119e419d2d5c5d4d1e3b06541b6c69EN
Article (31)
Ignorance of the law is no excuse.
article/32 · article
en · translation · sha256:bce89768dd18e2dce4747101797d08b183ed44b124b8701decb983cc4dce3e34EN
Article (32)
An exception shall not be extended by analogy, nor shall it be broadly interpreted.
article/33 · article
en · translation · sha256:e493811dbecf4050c270242e174eced5cb3f98d772d78181e27815c04ca7ce3aEN
Article (33)
A special provision shall restrict a general provision.
article/34 · article
en · translation · sha256:93ea279ee3019d4ff425924f1f8aa1ab48410501ddf43acac8171ee0c3c6490bEN
Article (34)
Any matter established by a mandatory provision shall prevail over any condition.
article/35 · article
en · translation · sha256:23e3e609eb7f2e1d66c752465c323c64d38bafd7fc80e4642cdb429d991f38daEN
Article (35)
Whatever is indispensable for the fulfilment of an obligation is itself obligatory.
article/36 · article
en · translation · sha256:c6758529162233987e9621a9d92690f2b17cc77b6be6e5c6d41e151be1625037EN
Article (36)
A ruling shall exist or cease to exist with the existence or absence of its legal cause.
article/37 · article
en · translation · sha256:7bf5d96954f9118dd1ed65eaa5e7e3336b4fadb2372a538f4bc7a3395eae988aEN
Article (37)
Fungibles shall not cease to exist.
article/38 · article
en · translation · sha256:58732a23f7200bc547513345186754f0d9f42684db7c626db5c500cc1f0e0e9eEN
Article (38)
Certainty shall not be removed by doubt.
article/39 · article
en · translation · sha256:d6c3f9992a60488d26db6612e600e47f2c56af9df452599c73ac62eeb8c8fb84EN
Article (39)
The presumption is the continuance of the status quo.
article/3 · article
en · translation · sha256:c5b1f55173a6053041e4a98cfd64da66ae7e01be2712d879ec8467b3a8c86f02EN
Article (3)
The following shall be deemed matters of the public order:
1. The definitive rulings of the Islamic Shari'a.
2. The provisions related to the systems of governance.
3. The provisions related to the personal status of Muslims, such as marriage, inheritance, and lineage.
4. The mandatory legal rules from which derogation by agreement is not permitted and are stipulated in the laws promulgated in the United Arab Emirates.
article/3/paragraph/2 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:7bf5d840e868c157cb62216618be79ddd3a2c6b00269e5edd37a6fdfcd613e81EN
1. The definitive rulings of the Islamic Shari'a.article/3/paragraph/3 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:f57f540de6432abe53924e884edb510003c23a85547d7697c274bd3c3cd8a7e0EN
2. The provisions related to the systems of governance.article/3/paragraph/4 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:50780b067dbf447b414edac8da0030292be412dbfc51a555376ea1aa13c15f57EN
3. The provisions related to the personal status of Muslims, such as marriage, inheritance, and lineage.article/3/paragraph/5 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:ead527ba4523d4f42a12d99b3503324f49556c0a0d10820f325e21401fe534a6EN
4. The mandatory legal rules from which derogation by agreement is not permitted and are stipulated in the laws promulgated in the United Arab Emirates.article/40 · article
en · translation · sha256:e54bfd11c022e12d6dd0f92ef71cdb1b3ede14de2ca6b99fd3234c0e91152224EN
Article (40)
The presumption is freedom from liability.
article/41 · article
en · translation · sha256:ad3f3ea6f52a77405d72662d4265e72517483ff5d724b9f16761a1cb0da00752EN
Article (41)
The presumption is the non-existence of incidental attributes.
article/42 · article
en · translation · sha256:e835dc65b65e8a2b191da8bf3526d557d7c0432f8814e1a28512d97aaa3978c9EN
Article (42)
What is proven to exist at a certain time is presumed to continue, unless there is evidence to the contrary.
article/43 · article
en · translation · sha256:d7df301ef7f5c4773179d3d69c004d69a2b33d7c3996157bafbf4f429e1ef94fEN
Article (43)
The presumption is that an occurrence is attributed to the nearest possible time.
article/44 · article
en · translation · sha256:821577c5b110d09587235380eb33f221f7e97b84f05075756cae3fe1fc85c441EN
Article (44)
What is established contrary to analogy shall not be used as a basis for analogy in other cases.
article/45 · article
en · translation · sha256:7c31b8f34d7d499071faa12de40039484f06e767a2c15179df4d4535e81cb123EN
Article (45)
1. No harm shall be inflicted nor reciprocated.
2. Harm shall be removed.
3. Harm shall not be removed by an equivalent harm.
article/45/paragraph/1 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:6d58dd0382f861fc66a95ce82ea9584ef49fd66af1f07e9eaa1f02b9d463ba31EN
1. No harm shall be inflicted nor reciprocated.article/45/paragraph/2 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:a3903d879adcfd0109d71eb185350510465b7f9c4179686fc67001c2f28bf6cdEN
2. Harm shall be removed.article/45/paragraph/3 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:cd1746087ed002e23134a1f5dfc2fe2ce41c45d8c5c4721d14b9e4afd132a47eEN
3. Harm shall not be removed by an equivalent harm.article/46 · article
en · translation · sha256:89b771f7525e8ebf17ed166ea30d81172d3cca5193f3b05a7219e0df8d636f39EN
Article (46)
Shari‘ah permissibility negates liability.
article/47 · article
en · translation · sha256:fcc641daa34d02e81c85a4bd0f2591e90949bf59ca6e3df26914d29c47d3ea76EN
Article (47)
1. Private harm shall be borne to avert public harm.
2. A greater harm shall be removed by a lesser harm.
article/47/paragraph/1 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:af944cc098ba23a1f7f1789477e28ac84301c2e65683508e70d62ccbd3be1429EN
1. Private harm shall be borne to avert public harm.article/47/paragraph/2 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:5e2a881d95eab13886832d29cd5f7361258fbc41d693d8ce97f3a9897564d035EN
2. A greater harm shall be removed by a lesser harm.article/48 · article
en · translation · sha256:10bb3a3d6729a2a875e535907260196736579a154d8ec0ec8df47c449b621778EN
Article (48)
Necessities permit prohibitions, and necessity shall be measured by its extent.
article/49 · article
en · translation · sha256:7c5538e70bf7bde48a883ed5233de7a39dae7d54599a1403c1366678b490bbfdEN
Article (49)
Compulsion shall not invalidate the right of another.
article/50 · article
en · translation · sha256:01dcd0eb43809bfe0f57b736352d4c66eafb57280841d1d5633e289d728205d8EN
Article (50)
Averting harm takes precedence over securing benefits.
article/51 · article
en · translation · sha256:2ad0d3a7e8a7c9666390d328b1d6a2180719e2d8120f0678204906e30e9e6853EN
Article (51)
1. Usage is authoritative, whether general or specific.
2. Usage shall be recognized when it is constant or predominant.
3. Literal meaning shall be disregarded where usage indicates otherwise.
article/51/paragraph/1 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:2b6001ab1b7d8d3363b4a5181f746289d291692f73bef90e7f9edfdcfb36300aEN
1. Usage is authoritative, whether general or specific.article/51/paragraph/2 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:6706e337882fe0fed881040fe7f82460037717c37eedff261898be5039c8ade7EN
2. Usage shall be recognized when it is constant or predominant.article/51/paragraph/3 · paragraph
en · translation · sha256:597a793bd96ce98b55c8c3511d33c725223ed8d255f835b345e75e0e186705cfEN
3. Literal meaning shall be disregarded where usage indicates otherwise.article/52 · article
en · translation · sha256:756e6480346b986d2bb0fd8212dc359be65b8ac95a97939b1343610ad2ceb9afEN
Article (52)
A matter recognized by custom is equivalent to a stipulated condition.
article/53 · article
en · translation · sha256:1e355d4356d992096b5d7f28d28ef6a46be71cb3731b2049e3b1b65302b6672aEN
Article (53)
Designation by custom is equivalent to designation by text.
article/54 · article
en · translation · sha256:090547f150c4617d2c54d4eba15e1ae3f04e7373dab2a1e6c0a118f5d1113301EN
Article (54)
The practice of people constitutes a binding proof and shall be applied.
article/55 · article
en · translation · sha256:92de825878cccf497b3a727e8708ce00be8fdc8b8aafe4257ed21f53edb9fdaaEN
Article (55)
What is impossible by usage is deemed to be actually impossible.
article/56 · article
en · translation · sha256:54ee04e0a672246672833ba7b28b5400b4800ad277e7aca6a427f7149abcd938EN
Article (56)
Consideration is given to what is prevalent and common, not to what is rare.
article/57 · article
en · translation · sha256:4445ef70c2704775b3cbd022690bd33d9a8f14bca7e7cf765863e5209d1ea2cdEN
Article (57)
Where a preventive cause and a permissive cause conflict, the preventive cause shall prevail.
article/58 · article
en · translation · sha256:45248e4eca756633aae73989a3795c023a48ea7e36eb5cf393459e5bdf6a6e17EN
Article (58)
That which is ancillary follows that which is principal and shall not be subject to a separate ruling.
article/59 · article
en · translation · sha256:06bbe12059790cd7e5db5f99d0cb7a043887afdca18d23e20a0a899e72b4f0d4EN
Article (59)
If the principal is invalidated, the accessory is invalidated accordingly.
article/60 · article
en · translation · sha256:2aa4367aac0653f16ae3b30a10e03b33c481cabd8057b61b16238f9262e977f4EN
Article (60)
That which has lapsed shall not be reinstated, just as that which is non-existent shall not be restored.
article/61 · article
en · translation · sha256:6d4748ae32d57b487adc8a857b167d77000f81b64d734ef1c42fdd80511a18cfEN
Article (61)
If a thing is void, that which is contained therein is void.
article/62 · article
en · translation · sha256:9ff02c07bbe6ef1a2454d6f803439de9a1e4b44074c5873fa2ee538b4f64281aEN
Article (62)
If the principal is void, recourse shall be made to the substitute.
article/63 · article
en · translation · sha256:522cedb25772fcd488fa62164e72f50a6a9af0d2467e2150f39a89f103d0bc0eEN
Article (63)
No consideration shall be given to conjecture.
article/64 · article
en · translation · sha256:254c086c08b47143714a72b07ab12104d7607372973246e099929d7fc693fecbEN
Article (64)
No weight shall be given to a presumption that is clearly erroneous.
article/65 · article
en · translation · sha256:cd02977ff0aad7fd4f93ce192d2c6befd759eab18def9f5bcd4355b0b10e9928EN
Article (65)
What is established by proof is equivalent to what is established by direct observation.
article/66 · article
en · translation · sha256:49d860a3576c8acdd22f334ff8bb767d347f2ad76ee7a05ef000ce4029084f21EN
Article (66)
A person is bound by their admission.
article/67 · article
en · translation · sha256:55c3cabe64a434eb1b3150b0eb4307671b15db9d2d0e98257c0ed22403198999EN
Article (67)
The accessory may be established despite the non-establishment of the principal.
article/68 · article
en · translation · sha256:6be8823112cf30d160dff2b9a93eb8f01cf5c7a0098718fbca3185f61f643ad5EN
Article (68)
Appearance serves as proof for defence, but not for the establishment of a right.
article/69 · article
en · translation · sha256:3eda929922e969a51f68d2036b18c97246f516845d2dedc0311f919e19df2531EN
Article (69)
Entitlement to return shall arise from the assumption of liability, and entitlement to profit shall arise from bearing risk of loss.
article/70 · article
en · translation · sha256:fe37588682867b8a8cf5f03925d47d35ebe862208296b3d14ca463d16828fd81EN
Article (70)
Whoever hastens to obtain something before its time shall be punished by deprivation thereof.
article/71 · article
en · translation · sha256:9bfe6ea6ccb58a374ac629276e056fbd1fc97d0a5b8a50e4a8c5a94a5379aa2aEN
Article (71)
Whoever seeks to invalidate what has been concluded on their part, their endeavour shall be rejected.
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